The State of Antarctic Penguins Report estimates that there are 5.77 million breeding pairs of penguins in Antarctica between all five species that breed here, they nest at 698 sites across the continent. Here, you’ll find five species of penguin Adelie, Emperor, Chinstrap, Gentoo, and Macaroni Penguins. Here’s a list of the most well-known places that penguins live in the wild: AntarcticaĪntarctica is home to the largest population of penguins. Which Places Do Penguins Live in the Wild? Given that almost 90% of humans live in the northern hemisphere 4 (source: Business Insider), it’s safe to assume that this is another reason why penguins have kept well away. Trathan, et al., Conservation Biology, 29, 2015). Both directly (through fishing and harvesting their eggs, feathers, and guano) and indirectly through climate change, oil spills, and prey reduction 3 (source: P.N. In more recent history, human activity has had a large impact on penguin populations. For example, foxes and bears whose territories can cover large land areas that are not separated by large expanses of water. There are more land predators.Ī third factor as to why penguins don’t live north of the equator is the larger number of land predators that pose a risk to penguin eggs and young chicks than in the south. McBride, et al., ICES Journal of Marine Science, Vol 71, Issue 7, 2014). There are large differences in krill abundance between different regions, however, in general, they are less abundant in Arctic waters than they are in Antarctic waters influencing why penguins are only found in the south 2 (source: M. Penguins mostly eat krill, these are small crustaceans that are found in all oceans in the world. The southern hemisphere is about 80% water and 20% land, whereas there is twice as much land in the northern hemisphere which is about 60% water and 40% land 1 (source: Climate Science Investigations). This is why Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand, and many sub-Antarctic islands are perfect for them as they are surrounded by vast open waters. Penguins spend 75% of their daily lives in the water and can spend months at sea outside of breeding season. Less ocean compared to the southern hemisphere. Let’s look at each of these issues as to why Penguins are not found in the Northern Hemisphere in further detail: 1. The impact of Human disturbance and land use is also likely to have affected penguin distribution. Penguins don’t live in the arctic, or any part of the northern hemisphere, because there is less ocean, less of their preferred prey, and more land predators which put their eggs and chicks at risk when breeding. South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsĪdelie (breeding), Macaroni (breeding), Chinstrap (breeding), King (resident), Gentoo (breeding), Macaroni (breeding), African (resident), King (resident), Gentoo (breeding), Northern Rockhopper (non-breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident) Humboldt (breeding), Magellanic (non-breeding) Macaroni (breeding), King (resident), Gentoo (breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident)įiordland (breeding), Yellow-Eyed (resident), Snares (breeding), Erect-Crested (resident), Little (resident), Northern Rockhopper (non-breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident) Macaroni (breeding), Chinstrap (resident), King (resident), Gentoo (breeding), Northern Rockhopper (breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident) Magellanic (breeding), Macaroni (breeding), Chinstrap (resident), King (resident), Gentoo (breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident) Humboldt (breeding), Magellanic (resident), Chinstrap (resident), King (non-breeding), Gentoo (non-breeding), Southern Rockhopper (resident), Macaroni (breeding) Macaroni (breeding), Chinstrap (breeding), Gentoo (seasonality uncertain) Royal (breeding), Fiordland (non-breeding), Gentoo (breeding - Macquarie Island), Little (resident), Southern Rockhopper (breeding) Magellanic (resident), Macaroni (breeding), King (non-breeding), Gentoo (resident), Southern Rockhopper (resident) PlaceĮmperor (breeding), Adelie (breeding), Chinstrap (breeding), Gentoo (breeding), Southern Rockhopper (non-breeding), Macaroni (breeding) It only shows native species and may not include some vagrant species that have been spotted wandering there. This table shows which penguin species live in each country.
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